Planning du Introduction to Natural Language Processing (CS-431)

TENTATIVE SCHEDULE (may change [a bit])

(Lectures and exercises take place in room CM 5.)

Except for weeks 1 and 10 to 14, all the other classes (weeks 2 to 9) is "flipped" and organized as follows:

we expect you to watch the video of the lecture before the class (thus before Wednesday 08:00);
we'll do a 2 hours (8:15-10:00) "review" of the lecture content, made of, first, some review slides, then some "hands-on" (which can be seen as some kind of preparation for quizzes);
then will follow 2 hours of either pratical sessions (PS) or exercices/"office hours"(= free questions).

When there is a quiz (weeks 5, 7, 10, 14), everything is shifted by 1 hour. (Notice, btw, the quizzes are not meant to be a preparation for the exam; exercises are; quizzes are only a feedback providing evaluation/comprehension test.)

Week 1 being a "welcome week", it starts with 2 hours of usual lecture, followed by 2 hours of introductory practical session.

Starting from week 11, Pr. Antoine Bosselut will give a series of three new> lectures on Modern NLP (Deep Learning). These lecture are not pre-recorded and will be taught live.

Texts in bold (weekly updated) are links to the corresponding course material.

		Wednesday 08h15 - 09h00	Wednesday 09h15 - 10h00	Wednesday 10h15 - 11h00	Wednesday 11h15 - 12h00
1	11/09/2024	Introduction to NLP Linguistics Levels in Natural Language Processing (MR)		PS: Machine Translation (MR+DB)
2	18/09/2024	Evaluation in NLP (MR)		PS: Evaluation (MR+DB)
3	25/09/2024	Evaluation in NLP 2 (MR)	Hands-on evaluation (MR)		Exercises (exam preparation) & QAS/"office hours" (MR)
4	02/10/2024	Word, tokens, n-grams and Language Models (JCC)	Hands-on n-grams/language models (JCC)	Exercises & QAS (JCC)
5	09/10/2024	Quiz: NLP and evaluation (weeks 1-3, online, 4%)	Tagging (JCC)	Hands-on POS tagging (1) (JCC)	Exercises + QAS (JCC)
6	16/10/2024	HMM decoding and learning (Viterbi and EM) (JCC)	Hands-on POS tagging (2) (JCC)	PS: PoS Tagging (JCC+DB)
-	23/10/2024	Fall break
7	30/10/2024	Quiz: n-grams + Tagging (weeks 2-5, online, 4%)	Textual data analysis and classification (JCC)	Hands-on textual classification (JCC)	Exercises + QAS (JCC)
8	06/11/2024	Vector space Semantics (and Information Retrieval) (JCC)	Hands-on information retrieval (JCC)	PS: Text classification (JCC+DB)
9	13/11/2024	Quiz: up to classification (weeks 1-7, online, 4%)	Semantics (MR)	Hands-on semantics (MR)	Exercises + QAS (MR)
10	20/11/2024	Deep Learning for NLP (no pre-recording) (Pr. A. Bosselut)			some practice (spread over the other 3 slots) (Pr. A. Bosselut)
11	27/11/2024	Generation (no pre-recording) (Pr. A. Bosselut)			coding assignment (Pr. A. Bosselut)
12	04/12/2024	PS: Semantics with LLMs (1/2) (MR+DB)
13	11/12/2024	PS: Semantics with LLMs (2/2) (MR+DB)
14	18/12/2024	Quiz: from classification to Generation (incl.) (weeks 7-11, online, 4%)	Ethics in NLP (no pre-recording) (Pr. A. Bosselut)		Future of NLP (no pre-recording) (Pr. A. Bosselut)

Videos of the lectures

Week 1: Introduction to the course and to NLP (2023 version) [01:28:21]
- 00:00:00 - General presentation of the course (admin, grading, ...)
- 00:06:10 - What is Natural Language Processing (NLP)?
- 00:23:15 - Is this course worth it? (modern vs traditional approaches)
- 00:46:20 - Applications and contraints in NLP
- 00:57:46 - [keypoint] Natural vs. formal languages
- 01:07:30 - Natural language functions
- 01:12:46 - [keypoint] Natural language functions (summary)
- 01:13:41 - [keypoint] Why is NLP difficult?
  1. Importance of appropriate resources
- 01:15:35 - 2. Power laws
- 01:18:45 - 3. & 4. other reasons why NLP is difficult
- 01:21:06 - [keypoint] Procedure .vs. Resources
- 01:22:20 - [keypoint] Linguistic Processing Levels
Week 2: Evaluation in NLP [01:46:24]
- 00:00:00 - Introduction
- 00:01:29 - [keypoint] NLP evaluation protocol
- 00:02:41 - Evaluation campaigns
- 00:04:31 - Example task: classification of linguistic entities
- 00:12:04 - Reference (Gold standard)
- 00:21:10 - [keypoint] Gold standard creation process
- 00:27:17 - Assess the quality of the reference: Inter-annotator agreement
- 00:35:15 - [keypoint] Dealing with chance agreement -- Cohen’s kappa
- 00:41:55 - Inter-annotator agreement -- practices
- 00:44:14 - NLP Systems evaluation: evaluation metrics
- 00:58:47 - [keypoint] Precision and Recall
- 01:14:00 - Example of NLP evaluation on parsing
- 01:25:32 - Other NLP evaluation metrics
- 01:26:34 - [keypoint] Discuss the result: variability of the results
- 01:28:42 - [keypoint] Separating the data: training, validation and test sets
- 01:37:13 - [keypoint] Statistical significance
- 01:43:22 - Conclusion
Week 4: Lexicons, n-grams and Language Models [01:37:46]
- 00:00:00 - Introduction
- 00:01:22 - Word or token?
- 00:19:21 - n-grams -- introduction
- 00:26:51 - Probabilities (reminder)
- 00:31:36 - [keypoint] the n-gram approach
- 00:35:28 - Example
- 00:39:33 - Caveat!
- 00:43:12 - Parameters estimation
- 00:48:37 - [keypoint] Smoothing
- 00:52:47 - Additive smoothing = Dirichlet prior
- 01:03:38 - [keypoint] Additive smoothing = Dirichlet prior (summary)
- 01:06:29 - Examples (of Dirichlet distributions)
- 01:14:51 - Language Identification
- 01:21:24 - Spelling Error Correction
- 01:33:14 - [keypoint] Summary of the keypoints
Week 5: PoS tagging (and sequence labeling) [01:30:13]
- 00:00:00 - Introduction
- 00:04:43 - [keypoint] Lemmatization (definition)
- 00:12:54 - [keypoint] PoS tagging (definition)
- 00:19:37 - PoS tagging (formalization and examples)
- 00:30:18 - Other sequence labeling tasks
- 00:33:56 - Probabilistic PoS tagging
- 00:47:43 - [keypoint] Probabilistic PoS tagging (simplifying hypotheses, HMM)
- 01:08:59 - HMM PoS tagging (example)
- 01:14:43 - HMMs (algorithms and parameter estimation)
- 01:21:00 - Other approaches and performance
- 01:25:56 - [keypoint] Summary of the keypoints
Week 6: Hidden Makov Model (HMM) Primer [01:12:06]
- 00:00:00 - Introduction
- 00:00:39 - Recap example
- 00:04:43 - definition of Makov Models
- 00:09:35 - [keypoint] definition of HMM
- 00:11:45 - examples
- 00:18:28 - [keypoint] The 3 basic problems for HMMs
- 00:27:10 - Presentation of the 1st problem: compute P(w)
- 00:29:32 - [keypoint] Forward-Backward algorithms (solution to the first problem)
- 00:40:31 - Presentation of the 2nd problem: compute argmax_T P(T|w)
- 00:43:11 - [keypoint] Viterbi algorithm (solution to the second problem)
- 00:49:05 - example (Viterbi algorithm)
- 00:54:49 - Presentation of the 3rd problem: unsupervised learning: compute argmax_params P(params|w)
- 00:54:55 - [keypoint] Expectation-Maximization
- 01:03:04 - Baum-Welch Algorithm (presentation)
- 01:07:01 - [keypoint] Baum-Welch Algorithm (summary)
- 01:09:08 - Conclusion: other models
- 01:10:43 - [keypoint] Summary of the keypoints
- 01:11:42 - Appendix
Week 7: Textual Data Analysis and Classification [01:11:36]
- 00:00:00 - Introduction
- 00:02:09 - Classification: framework
- 00:07:26 - [keypoint] Textual Data Classification
- 00:12:24 - Dissimilarity matric
- 00:13:18 - [keypoint] Usual metrics/similarities
- 00:16:17 - Classification: complexity
- 00:17:13 - Classification methods
- 00:20:13 - [keypoint] Classification methods: how to choose?
- 00:23:47 - Classification methods: Bayesian approach
- 00:25:39 - [keypoint] Naive Bayes classifier
- 00:28:12 - Logistic regression
- 00:31:37 - K nearest neighbors - Parzen window
- 00:33:10 - [keypoint] Dendrograms
- 00:40:10 - [keypoint] K-means
- 00:45:58 - about Word embedings and Deep Learning
- 00:47:22 - Classification: evaluation
- 00:50:53 - Dimensionality reduction: framework
- 00:56:28 - [keypoint] Principal Components Analysis
- 01:02:26 - Non-linera projection
- 01:04:03 - Projection Pursuit
- 01:04:58 - [keypoint] Mapping: Multidimensional Scaling (+ t-SNE + UMAP)
- 01:09:03 - [keypoint] Summary of the keypoints
Week 8: Information Retrieval [01:00:50]
- 00:00:00 - Introduction
- 00:01:37 - [keypoint] Vector-space model
- 00:03:12 - [keypoint] Indexing
- 00:07:20 - Indexing: choice
- 00:11:08 - Bag of words and weighting schemes
- 00:14:10 - [keypoint] tf-idf
- 00:17:15 - [keypoint] cosine similarity
- 00:20:45 - Information Retrieval
- 00:22:12 - Relevance?
- 00:27:26 - Okapi BM25
- 00:28:40 - Queries
- 00:32:21 - [keypoint] Precision and Recall
- 00:41:23 - Limitations of the Vector Space model
- 00:43:21 - Topic-based models
- 00:47:10 - Word embeddings
- 00:57:10 - Evolution of NLP
- 00:59:52 - [keypoint] Summary of the keypoints
Week 9: Lexical Semantics [01:21:12]
- 00:00:00 - Introduction
- 00:01:15 - [keypoint] Lexical vs. Compositional Semantics
- 00:02:10 - Compositional Semantics
- 00:03:44 - Usual representations
- 00:09:32 - Lexical Semantics
- 00:12:30 - [keypoint] Word sense
- 00:14:42 - Lexemes
- 00:19:08 - [keypoint] Semantic Relations
- 00:20:19 - Homonymy, homophony, homography
- 00:22:40 - Polysemy
- 00:28:30 - Synonymy
- 00:31:19 - Hyponymy/Hypernymy
- 00:34:46 - Meronymy/Holonymy
- 00:41:10 - Defining word senses with semantic relations
- 00:47:57 - Resources for Lexical Semantics: WordNet
- 00:53:23 - [keypoint] WordNet Synsets
- 01:02:25 - Application of lexical semantics in language engineering
- 01:18:54 - [keypoint] Summary of the keypoints
Week 10: Deep-Learning for NLP [02:17:21]
- 00:00:00 - Introduction
- 00:10:58 - Neural Word Embeddings
- 00:51:08 - Recurrent Neural Networks for Sequence Modeling
- 01:30:46 - Attentive Neural Modeling with Transformers
Week 11: Text Generation [02:12:50]
- 00:00:00 - Introduction
- 00:11:15 - Text Generation Task
- 00:28:25 - Decoding
- 01:39:00 - Evaluation
Week 14a: Ethics in NLP [01:24:45]
Week 14b: What comes next? [00:33:17]

Annotated slides

Week 4: Words? Tokens! [50 MB]
Week 6: HMM primer [80 MB]

Dernière mise à jour le 19 juillet 2024
Last modified: Fri Jul 19, 2024